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Dr. D.S. Merchant's Articles

  • Drug Resistance In Tuberculosis
    Inadequate Prescribing Practice:
    • In 1995 25% of new cases of TB were initially treated with 2-3 drugs regimen
    • 2 Surveys by AKUH among GP & Interns
    • Once resistance develops, prescribing errors, usually by inexperienced physicians can exacerbate situation.
    • Review of patients referred to National Jewish Hospital (Denver) for management of complex MDR-TB documented an average of 3.93 prescribing errors per patient.
  • Guillain Barre Syndrome
    Me score on the Glasgow Outcome Scale at eight weeks (a score of 5, indicating a favorable outcome, vs. a score of 1 to 4, indicating an unfavorable outcome).
    • The mortality rate among adults with acute bacterial meningitis and the frequency of neurologic sequelae among those who survive are high, especially among patients with pneumococcal meningitis.
  • Hyponatremia by eHealthGuide.info
    Hyponatremia:
    Plasma Na < 135meq /L
    • Almost always due to •ADH Secretion
    • Appropriate
    • Inappropriat
    • One Exception: Primary Polydipsia • supression of ADH Secretion BUT still overwhelms kidney’s diluting ability • Free water retention & Hyponatremia

    Epidemiology of Hyponatremia:
    Hyponatremia is among the most common electrolyte disorders encountered in clinical medicine, with an incidence of 0.97% and a prevalence of 2.48% in hospitalized adult patients when plasma [Na+ ] concentration below 130 mEq/L is the diagnostic criterion.

    Clinical Manifestations:
    • < 125 mEq/l •
    • Malaise - Muscle cramps
    • Nausea, Vomiting, Headache
    • Hypotension – Tachycardia

    • < 110 mEq/L •
    • Confusion, convulsions, coma
  • Pulmonary Function Testing
    Pulmonary Function Issues Related to Measured Values:
    • Overinflation of Lungs
    – Emphysema - COPD - Permanently
    – Asthma - Acutely
    • ? RV + Ratio RV/TLC
    • FEV1/ FVC ratio falls below 80% - Also flow rates fall
    – With age (lungs less compliant)
    – Falls with obstructive diseases; e.g. asthma/bronchitis
    • Asthma - obstructive disease ? increased collapsing force of large airways
    – obstruction to expiratory flow ? lung volume
    – bronchodilators may return flow to normal
    • Early COPD - characterized by irreversible ? in small airway resistance that reduces expiratory flow
    – not very responsive to dilators
    • Severe COPD - ? small & large airway resist
    – severe flow limitations – bronchodilators ? little help
    – chronic bronchitis and emphysema
    • Emphysema - loss of elastic recoil ? ? small airway collapse during expiration, thereby ? resistance
    – Max Expiratory Flow ?
    – Bronchodilators have no effect
    – ? FRC + TLC
  • Respiratory Disease and Lung Function
    Data Collection:
    • Questionnaire data were collected by trained interviewers who gathered information on race/ethnicity, medical history, socioeconomic status, use of medication, and smoking history.
    • Participants were also asked whether they had taken any of the following pain medications in the last month and, if so, how often they had used each:
    aspirin (including Anacin, Bufferin, Ecotrin, Ascriptin, or Midol), acetaminophen (including Tylenol, Anacin-3), and ibuprofen (including Advil, Nuprin, Medipren).
  • The Clinical Approach to Acid-Base Disorders
    Methods to Interconvert pH and [H+]: The 0.1 pH Change Rule:
    PH Conversion Factor [H+] nmol/L
    6.90 100 / 0.8 125
    7.00 100 100
    7.10 100 X 0.8 80
    7.20 100 X 0.8 X 0.8 64
  • Keep Your Christmas Shopping Simple
    Statistics show that the most difficult Christmas shopping is done for men. Traditionally, Christmas gifts for men are very hard to buy, regardless of who purchases them, Christmas gifts for men always become last minute ticket items that tend to occur at last minute! And in that last minute, the most popular Christmas presents for men would definitely be a tie, a belt or a sweater because those are the gifts that will never fail.
  • Intrigue Jewellery Store
    The most important thing in the process of buying is trying on. When choose a ring, put it on your finger, and feel how cold metal is warmed by the heat of your hands. Look at it, turn it, and admire it, Check if the shape suits you and other important detail is - feel the gem. It must stir up only pleasant emotions and joy, and nothing else. There should be no disharmony and hesitation, If it clicks then it’s really meant for you.
  • Rules of Picking the Suitable Jewelry
    The most important thing in the process of buying is trying on. When choose a ring, put it on your finger, and feel how cold metal is warmed by the heat of your hands. Look at it, turn it, and admire it, Check if the shape suits you and other important detail is - feel the gem. It must stir up only pleasant emotions and joy, and nothing else. There should be no disharmony and hesitation, If it clicks then it’s really meant for you.
  • Green Tea May Prevent Type 2 Diabetes
    In the United States, more than 20 million people suffer from diabetes -- about 7 percent of the population -- and about 19 million people in the European Union are so afflicted -- about 4 percent of the population. The cost of treating the disease is about $132 billion, according to the American Diabetes Association.
  • Buy Jewelry only from respected shops
    Bonded diamonds have a breakage policy. If the stone breaks or chips, the bonded jeweler will replace it with a new one only once because bonded diamonds are natural and unprocessed.
  • Green Tea Increases Metabolism
    There are two ways to lose weight -- either reduce energy intake, or increase energy expenditure. Because hypothyroidism -- even after treatment -- may reduce energy expenditure in some people, patients naturally are looking for options that can help safely help raise the metabolism.
  • Bonded Diamonds
    Bonded diamonds have a breakage policy. If the stone breaks or chips, the bonded jeweler will replace it with a new one only once because bonded diamonds are natural and unprocessed.
  • 60 Minutes Report on Hoodia
    Kruiper led 60 Minutes crews out into the desert. Stahl asked him if he ate hoodia. "I really like to eat them when the new rains have come," says Kruiper, speaking through the interpreter. "Then they're really quite delicious."
  • Determine the Shape of Jewellery
    Put delicate rings on the little finger one by one. Wearing some rings on the same finger looks cheap, even if one of the rings is a wedding ring.

    Usually rings are worn with large gems either on the middle finger or on the index finger like fantasy rings with one huge jewel or with a bunch of small gems. Women with thin fingers should avoid wearing rings with large gems.
  • A Guide to Hoodia Cactus Plant Extract
    Before choosing a Hoodia product you should know that there are many kinds of Hoodia plant, but only the Hoodia Gordonii type has an astonishing 'appetite suppressing' quality. These properties have been known about for centuries by a primitive tribe known as the 'Sans Bushmen'. During mid 1990s an institute called the C.S.I.R. 'Council for Scientific and Industrial Research' was conducting a study of native plants eaten by the 'Sans Bushmen'. Basically, the study was to see what foods, the 'Sans Bushmen' were taking that protected the toxic compounds. When the C.S.I.R. studied Hoodia Gordonii, they found it was not only non-toxic, but also it helped to suppress the appetite of animals it used to feed to.
  • Get acquainted jewelry with new Collections
    Since jewelry’s fashion often keeps changing. Designers want women wearing coldly-classical sets with diamonds or the most incredible combinations of gems. Naturally women should specify the need of jewelry and with what are you going to wear it.
  • About the South African Hoodia Gordonii Cactus
    The South African Hoodia Gordonii Cactus is known by many names. It is called xshoba or xhooba by the San Bushmen who have used it to treat indigestion, minor skin infections and as an appetite and thirst suppressant during long hunts. The scientific name is Hoodia Gordonii. It is actually a succulent so the names Hoodia cactus and South African desert cactus are actually misnomers, but they are commonly used. The plant resembles a cactus when seen growing wild in the Kalahari Desert.
  • Designer Watches
    In the yesteryears when watches were just simply practical and boring purchases today it has changed completely to a stylish and fashionable purchasing commodity. Today every person buys watches which is suitable to go with the right clothes and Today there is a good growth of designer watches brands in the market. Brands such as Channel, Dior D&G, Emporio Armani have now been joined by Playboy, Miss Sixty and Marc Ecko.
  • Can Hoodia Gordonii Diet Pill help you lose weight?
    As with any weight loss product, your doctor should know what you are taking and how you plan to use Hoodia Gordoni in your life. Even though Gordonii Supplement is being depicted as the latest weight-loss wonder, do not let the propaganda get to you. Be realistic! And test the product to verify it's creditworthy.
  • Can Hoodia Slim You Down?
    Know The Facts About Hoodia:i) There are a variety of Hoodia plants. Only the Hoodia Gordonii class contains an active element that helps suppress your appetite. As the demand for Hoodia Gordonii is far surpassing the supply, some Hoodia sellers are using unreliable but advertising their products as Pure Hoodia even though it might have been made from a different Hoodia plant than the Hoodia Gordonii.
  • Bonded Jewelers are difficult to find in many areas
    A huge advantage in purchasing a bonded diamond is that it has a buy back policy for the life of the diamond. No matter how long you have had the diamond, you can take it back to the bonded jeweler and sell it back to him, for a 100 percent refund. Bonded diamonds increase in value. Once you purchase a bonded diamond you are well protected in case of market fall, the value of diamonds will definitely collapse but you will get a refund against the bonded diamond.
  • Nursing from the Beginning
    Aga Khan University School of Nursing:
    Established in 1980, Aga Khan University School of Nursing (AKU-SON) was the first academic component of AKU and its Faculty of Health Sciences. The School offers several programs in nursing, including a three-year Diploma Program, Pakistan's first four year BScN and a two-year Post RN BScN, as well as the first Master of Science in Nursing (MScN) which started in October 2001. Four-year BScN and MScN are the only program of its kind in Pakistan.

    Since its commencement, AKU-SON has played a leading role in establishing an internationally acceptable model for nursing education and practice in Pakistan, and has trained 2,232 nurses

    Pakistan became the first Muslim country to achieve chapter status in the Sigma Theta Tau International (STTI) global network when, in 2000, Aga Khan University School of Nursing Honour Society received its Charter.
  • Nursing History
    During the World War, a significant development in nursing history arose when Florence Nightingale, working to improve conditions of soldiers in the Crimean War, laid the foundation stone of professional nursing with the principles.
    New Zealand was the first country to regulate nurses nationally, with the implementation of the Nurses Registration Act on the 12th of September, 1901. Ellen Dougherty was the first Registered Nurse. North Carolina was the first state in the United States to pass a nursing licensure law in 1903.
  • Ziauddin Medical University
    Background:
    The School of Nursing was established in 1986 and received recognition by the Pakistan Nursing Council in the same year while the School of Midwifery was recognized in 1990.

    Programme Objective:
    The program is designed to produce competent nurses and midwives equipped with the necessary knowledge and skill to contribute to the improvement of health of individual(s) and family(s) in the hospital and community by applying the principles of nursing and primary health care. Students experienced clinical training in community and hospitals including Ziauddin Medical University hospitals.

    Academic Programs Offered:
    Diploma in General Nursing (3 years)
    Diploma in Midwifery (One Year (Post Basic)
    Diploma in General Nursing Program (18 months)
    Diploma in Pupil Midwifery (18 months)

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